Adolescent School-Based Sexual Health Education and Training: A Literature Review on Teaching and Learning Strategies

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review is to gain an understanding of the teaching approaches used and their effectiveness in imparting sexual health literacy amongst school adolescents. The intention is to design interventions for effective sexual health education in our study setting.

METHODS: We reviewed various literature related to adolescent sexual health education studies that have been conducted by prior researchers. We also provide an overview of the teaching and learning methods used.

RESULTS: Through this literature review, we learned that GBL and gamification were carried out primarily in developed countries, outside of Africa. It has been observed that both GBL and Gamification are effective and efficient in the transformation of knowledge, as they influence students’ learning processes through engagement, enjoyment, excitement, attractiveness, and participation. They also foster critical thinking skills, improve confidence, increase motivation, and stimulate a habit of self-regulatory learning among students.

CONCLUSIONS: Ensuring the impartation of sexual health knowledge can also be achieved by designing and applying effective innovation teaching methods that appeal to today’s youth, such as GBL and Gamification. We will design GBL and Gamification methods and evaluate their effectiveness amongst Africans students, specifically among Tanzanian school adolescents.