Phytochemical Screening, Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-sickling Activities of Two Polar Extracts of Combretum glutinosum Leaves. Perr. ex DC

Sickle cell disease is a major public health problem in Africa and many other areas across the world. In Senegal, a lot of plants are proposed by traditional healers to manage the sickle cell disease, among them Combretum glutinosum. Antisickling activity of Combretum glutinosum leaves extracts was studied in this work. Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of Combretum glutinosum leaves were evaluated on SS sickles type to determine their anti-sickling potential. Antiradical properties of methanolic extract were evaluated using the DPPH radical as oxidant. Total phenolic content of the methanol extract was determined. Phytochemical screening of the crude extract of methanol revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, phenols and flavonoids. Results show a good antisickling effect of extracts with a maximum antisickling revers of 81% and 69% respectively, of the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts at 10 mg/mL versus 67% for arginine at 120 min of incubation. The measured IC50 were 0.65 and 0.163 for respectively the methanol extract and ascorbic acid. Antiradical powers 0.155 and 0.62 respectively for methanol extract and ascorbic acid were calculated from the effective concentrations. The results of this study confirm the traditional use of Combretum glutinosum leaves in the management of sickle cell disease.